Linux硬连接
zhibo
posted @ Nov 12, 2010 04:29:08 AM
in LinuxNote
with tags
linux hard-link symbolic-link
, 1502 readers
连接分为两种形式：一种是类似于Windows中的快捷方式，一个文件名指向另外一个文件名；一种就是硬连接（也叫实际连接），是两个文件名同时连接到一个实际文件。
一般情况下使用硬连接创建连接文件时，磁盘空间与inode数量都不会变。因为硬连接只是在某个目录的block下添加一个关联数据而已，而一般情况下硬连接占用的数据量很小，所以不会消耗block数量。
文件的名称记录在目录的block中，文件的inode号记录在inode中，文件的实际内容记录在文件的block中。也就是说文件的访问过程是：
- 获取目录的inode；
- 根据inode在目录的block中查找要访问的文件名（文件名很多，估计会用到查询算法什么的），据此找到文件的实际inode号；
- 根据这个inode号去文件的block读取文件实际内容；
文件的占用空间是指占用的block数*block大小，所以一般会比文件实际大小要大。
[root@localhost tmp]# ls -l total 72 drwx------ 3 root root 4096 Nov 11 21:29 gconfd-root drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Nov 11 21:29 keyring-naRKVA srwxr-xr-x 1 root root 0 Nov 11 21:29 mapping-root drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Nov 11 21:29 orbit-root drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Nov 11 21:29 ssh-LiKLWc2832 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 11 01:15 testln -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13609 Nov 10 22:34 vboxguest-Module.symvers drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Nov 11 21:29 virtual-root.0vCGLo
从tmp文件下来看，每个目录的大小都是4096，而文件的大小去不再是4096的倍数，可能ls命令下目录显示的都是占用空间大小，而文件显示的是实际大小。（个人猜测…囧）
© Copyright 2011-2013 by Bo Zhi.
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